Showing posts with label naturalist. Show all posts
Showing posts with label naturalist. Show all posts

Friday, October 11, 2019

A Sand County Almanac by Aldo Leopold




Summary: (From John Mertz)
The Sand County Almanac is widely considered to be a classic among conservation and natural history writings. It is a collection of essays published in the year after Aldo Leopold’s untimely death in 1948. The essays are grouped three sections:
(1)   A series of essays based on experiences Leopold acquired on his worn-out farm in Wisconsin’s sand counties. Leopold had purchased the farm in 1935 as a weekend retreat.
(2)   The second part, “Sketches from Here and There,” relates experiences Leopold had acquired elsewhere during his life, mostly earlier in his life and service as an agent of the U.S. Forestry Service.
(3)   The final set of essays is more philosophical. Here Leopold tackles the relationships between man and the environment. He discusses the importance of wilderness and of wildlife. He raises many of the issues conservationists face today, though in 1948 he could not have foreseen how badly that relationship has deteriorated.

I read this book at least once a year, mostly in the autumn when, if I am lucky and keep my ears cocked for their calls, I can see the flocks of geese flying overhead, traveling from their breeding grounds in the Canadian Arctic to their wintering grounds in the coastal marshes of Delaware, Maryland, and points south. To me, their passage marks the true end of summer and the beginning of Nature’s transition to winter.

Quotes:

"When we see the land as a community to which we belong, we may begin to use it with love and respect."

Free edition of the book to read: http://www.umag.cl/facultades/williams/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Leopold-1949-ASandCountyAlmanac-complete.pdf

Author's Foundation Site: https://www.aldoleopold.org/about/aldo-leopold/sand-county-almanac/



Reviews:
Yes Magazine: https://www.yesmagazine.org/issues/power-of-one/book-review-a-sand-county-almanac-by-aldo-leopold
NY Times: https://www.nytimes.com/1999/11/13/opinion/a-sand-county-almanac-at-50.html

Silphium - 
"This is one little episode in the funeral of the native flora, which in turn is one episode in the funeral of the flora of the world."

Interviews and Articles:
1. With his daughter, Estella: https://www.humansandnature.org/revisiting-sand-county-an-interview-with-estella-leopold
2. NPR: Revisiting Leopold: https://www.npr.org/2013/03/10/173949498/remembering-aldo-leopold-visionary-conservationist-and-writer
3. With Curt Meine: https://longwoodgardens.org/blog/2014-03-03t000000/sand-county-almanac-interview-curt-meine
4. A Millennial Land Ethic: Or What would Leopold do Today? Huff Post, DEc. 6, 2017, https://www.huffpost.com/entry/a-millennial-land-ethic-o_b_10402060

Films:
1. A Prophet for all Seasons: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_29ZlKyJJPo
2. Green Fire: https://www.aldoleopold.org/store/green-fire-dvd/
3. Learning from the Land: https://video.wpt.org/video/wpt-documentaries-aldo-leopold-learning-land/

(news.wisc.edu)

Discussion Questions created by John Mertz - Unfortunately, he can not join us for the discussion.


(1)   Leopold was, by profession, a scientist, one who asks questions of Nature in order to learn more about how Nature is structured and how it works. Where in these writings does Leopold exhibit that training?
(2)   Leopold was also a consummate teller of stories, one who could tell a tale in a way that would really hold your interest. Where does he show that to best effect?
(3)   Leopold could also be described as a philosopher, one who thinks deeply about the human condition and of the relationships between man and his/her surroundings. Where does he display this side of him most clearly? Is he still entertaining? Are his philosophical musings still relevant? Did he go far enough in his discussions of the man/environment dynamic? Given his time, could he have gone further?
(4)   Would you recommend this book to a friend? Why should he/she read it?
(5)   Leopold is often described as the “Father of Wildlife Management,” a distinct practical science. What did Leopold see as the purpose (or purposes) of Wildlife Management? Did he go far enough in his viewpoint to make this practical science truly sustainable? Do you agree with his assertion that the value of wilderness experiences diminishes in proportion to the gadgetry we employ in our pursuit of them? How has our employment of “gadgets” impacted on the sustainability of wild resources? Why is it that our pursuit of wild resources always seems to lead to their extinction?

(hcn.org)

Monday, May 27, 2019

John James Audubon: The Making of An American by Richard Rhodes



Summary (Amazon):
John James Audubon came to America as a dapper eighteen-year-old eager to make his fortune. He had a talent for drawing and an interest in birds, and he would spend the next thirty-five years traveling to the remotest regions of his new country–often alone and on foot–to render his avian subjects on paper. The works of art he created gave the world its idea of America. They gave America its idea of itself. 

Here Richard Rhodes vividly depicts Audubon’s life and career: his epic wanderings; his quest to portray birds in a lifelike way; his long, anguished separations from his adored wife; his ambivalent witness to the vanishing of the wilderness. John James Audubon: The Making of an American is a magnificent achievement.


Reviews:
The New York Times: https://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/31/books/review/john-james-audubon-the-birdman-of-america.html

The Economist: Birds on a Wire: https://www.economist.com/books-and-arts/2004/08/05/birds-on-a-wire
(wikipedia)


Penguin Book's Site for book:https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/141605/john-james-audubon-by-richard-rhodes/9780375713934/

Videos and Films:
John James Audubon: The Birds of America: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQijoWmzvTo

PBS: The Masters: Drawn from Nature: http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/john-james-audubon-drawn-from-nature/106/

Audubon: The Film: http://www.audubonthefilm.com/


(Audubon.org)

John James Audubon Center at Mill Grove - new center open and with an Exhibit of his work: http://johnjames.audubon.org/; https://www.audubon.org/birds-of-america?site=johnjames&nid=4131

National Audubon Society: https://www.audubon.org/

Local Chapter: Bucks County Audubon Society at Honey Hollow Environmental Center: https://www.bcas.org/

Interesting Articles:
So big it needs its own furniture: http://mentalfloss.com/article/520325/audubons-birds-america-book-so-big-it-needed-its-own-furniture

Going for $10 million: https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/jan/06/most-expensive-book-birds-of-america-10m

Our Namesake and Inspiration: https://www.audubon.org/content/john-james-audubon

ROAD TRIPS: 
New York Historical Society: https://www.nyhistory.org/explore/john-james-audubon

On Display in Chicago at the Field Museum from now until Dec. 1, 2019:
https://blockclubchicago.org/2019/04/24/rare-audubon-book-showing-north-americas-birds-now-on-display-at-field-museum/

E-notes: https://www.enotes.com/topics/john-james-audubon-richard-rhodes

Discussion Questions: (Heidi will be leading)
1. Discuss and describe who Audubon was, his complicated background, talents, appearance, family life, bird collecting, extensive travels, successes and failures. See pp: 4, 11, 18, 21-, 95, 114-, 124-, 230, 233, 253, 298, 329, 341, 418-, 432

2. The early 1800s were a fascinating and challenging time period with the expansion into the west, the development of the steam engine, Louisiana Purchase, the War of 1812, July Revolution of 1830, Industrial Revolution, passage over the Atlantic, disease, etc. Discuss how these impacted Audubon and affected his life. See pp: 21, 121, 132, 136, 338, 343-

3. The Panic of 1819 was the first major economic crisis and depression in America and had a profound affect on Audubon’s life. Discuss these impacts including the loss of his business, his marriage and family life, relationships, his mental health and work. How does the 2nd crisis affect him in 1837? See pp: 138- , 249, 400.

4. In 1816 was the year without a summer and communities turned to nature to survive. Discuss the story about the Passenger pigeons, which are now extinct, but were plentiful during this period.  See pages: 112, 127-130. Discuss other destruction of the environment, that he sees during his life. See pp. 337, 384

5. Audubon was a colorful character and had many adventures, including pirates, quicksand, earthquakes, fights, traveling the wild Mississippi, a mysterious naked woman, years apart from this family, alligators in FL, etc. Discuss these and see pages: 85, 96, 116, 140, 169, 180, 302, 361-

6. There were many fascinating men and women who lived and achieved greatness during these times, including Mary Shelley, Humboldt, Darwin, Bartram, Peale, etc. Discuss who he met and was greatly influenced and impacted by, including Alex Wilson, Charles Bonaparte, Berthoud, Syme, Nuttall, Vanderlyn, Bachman, Thomas Sully, Sir Walter Scott, Henry Clay, Rathbones, Andrew Jackson, President Houston, etc. See pp: 144, 150, 166-167, 186, 215, 219-221, 224, 252-, 276, 283-285, 305-, 352, 396-

7. Creatures were still being discovered, collected and named. Discuss and can you identify some of the different names used for the birds and animals we know today, including: mosquito hawks, tufted ducks, black bellied darters, swallow tailed hawk, white headed eagle, great footed hawk, carrion crows, red breasted thrushes, etc. See pages: 158, 178.


8. Discuss Audubon’s painting and his processes which evolved over the years and the challenges from destructive wood rats to losing them, watercolors and oils, finding time and money to realize his dream as well as the men who handled his engravings (Lizars and Havell) and how he sold and developed his famous work, The Birds of America. See pp: 116, 163, 169, 210, 217, 261, 273, 285, 293-294, 299-304, 341, 345-, 403-

(Audubon.org)